Agreed if the same HDMI cable works in another Linux on the same PC then it have something to do with Ubuntu.
I assume you have proved the sound working satisfactorily in another port and the problem has been narrowed down to the HDMI/Display port.
There is always the possibility of a bug in the distro. My experience with the current Ubuntu is that it has not been well put together in some recent releases to the point I have to switch to Mint on my latest machine.
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